Numerical investigation of natural convection on Al2O3–water porous enclosure partially heated with two fins attached to its hot wall: under the MHD effects

Numerical investigation for the steady-state laminar nanofluid 2D natural convection in a partially heated porous cavity equipped with two fins at hot wall under effect of uniform magnetic field is carried out. Effects wide ranges variables including: Hartman number (0?80), direction (0o?90°), Rayleigh (103?106), Darcy (10–2?10–5), nano-solid particles volume fraction (? = 0% and 6%), length attached (0.25, 0.5, 0.75) 0.6) are analyzed. The study results show that by increasing number, average Nusselt will decrease. Moreover, particle fraction, fins, wall, better heat transfer rate achieved; consequently, increase. Results no consistent trend on number. an enhancement 22.46% case b 0.6 ? 0.06 compared to base 0.25 0.06.